Apple trees are hardy, deciduous trees prized for their beauty, longevity, and delicious fruit. In spring, they burst into bloom with clusters of delicate white or pale pink flowers that attract pollinators and signal the start of the growing season. As summer progresses, the blossoms give way to developing apples, which mature in a range of colors—from bright green and golden yellow to deep red—depending on the variety.
With their spreading branches and textured bark, apple trees add character to gardens and orchards alike. They thrive in temperate climates, requiring cold winters to produce fruit and plenty of sunlight during the growing months. Beyond their ornamental appeal, apple trees have long held cultural and practical significance, symbolizing health, knowledge, and abundance while providing fruit used fresh, baked, or preserved in countless ways.
Choose the Right Variety Select a variety suited to your climate (most apples need a cold winter). Many apple trees need cross-pollination, so plant two compatible varieties or ensure a nearby apple tree.
Pick the Right Location Choose a spot with full sun (at least 6–8 hours daily). Soil should be well-drained and rich in organic matter. Avoid low areas where frost can settle.
Planting Plant in early spring or fall. Dig a hole twice as wide as the roots and just as deep. Place the tree so the graft union is above soil level. Backfill with soil, water thoroughly, and mulch around the base (not touching the trunk).
Watering Water deeply once or twice a week, especially during the first year. Keep soil moist but not waterlogged.
Pruning Prune annually during late winter to remove dead or crossing branches. Proper pruning improves air circulation, shape, and fruit production.
Fertilizing Use a balanced fertilizer in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can cause excessive leaf growth instead of fruit.
Pest and Disease Care Watch for common pests like aphids and apple maggots. Use organic sprays or integrated pest management when needed. Keep fallen leaves and fruit cleaned up to reduce disease
Know When They’re Ready Apples are ready when they have full colour, a firm feel, and a sweet aroma. A ripe apple will come off easily when you lift and twist it gently. Seeds inside should be dark brown, not white. Different varieties ripen at different times, usually from late summer to fall.
Harvest by Hand Use your hand to gently lift the apple upward and twist. Do not pull straight down, as this can damage the branch or spur. Leave the stem attached to help the apple store longer.
Harvest Carefully Handle apples gently to avoid bruising. Place them carefully into a basket or bucket—don’t drop them. Harvest on a dry day to reduce the risk of rot.
Sort the Fruit Separate damaged or bruised apples; use these first. Keep only healthy, unblemished apples for storage.
After Harvest Care Store apples in a cool, dark, and humid place (32–40°F / 0–4°C). Keep them away from strong-smelling foods. Some varieties store for weeks, others for several months. Harvesting apples at the right time ensures the best flavour, texture, and storage life, making your hard work truly rewarding.
