Before you pick up a spade or open a planner, you need to understand the unique characteristics of your space. A successful vegetable garden starts with a realistic assessment of three key factors:
1. Tracking Sunlight Patterns
Most vegetables require 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight to thrive. Observe your garden throughout a full day to identify where shadows fall from buildings, trees, or sheds. Remember that shadows are much longer in the winter and early spring than they are in mid-summer.
2. Soil Quality and Drainage
Healthy plants start with healthy soil. Check for low-lying areas that collect standing water after rain, as "wet feet" can cause root rot in most vegetables. If your soil is heavy clay or very sandy, you may need to plan for raised beds or significant organic amendments.
3. Working with Existing Features
Take note of permanent structures like fences, trees, and sheds. These can provide useful windbreaks or vertical growing supports, but they can also compete with your vegetables for water and light. Mapping these first ensures your new layout integrates perfectly with your yard.
Pro Tip: Don't forget to locate your nearest water source. Lugging heavy watering cans across a large garden is a common mistake for new planners!